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Llinia 245: Llinia 245:
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| class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA | [[Alveolar tap | ɾ]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ռ, ր) <ref>Although Western Armenians llabre taught to pronounce two different rhotics (represented by <ր> and <ռ>), the two have merged in many dialects to a flap consonant.</ref>
| class="nounderlines" style="text-align:center;" |{{IPA | [[Alveolar tap | ɾ]]}}&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(ռ, ր) <ref>Although Western Armenians are taught to pronounce two different rhotics (represented by <ր> and <ռ>), the two have merged in many dialects to a flap consonant.</ref>
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Llinia 294: Llinia 294:
Second, Western Armenian has shifted the Classical Armenian ''voiced'' stops and ''voiced'' affricates into ''aspirated'' stops and ''aspirated'' affricates, and replaced the ''plain'' stops and ''plain'' affricates with ''voiced'' ones.
Second, Western Armenian has shifted the Classical Armenian ''voiced'' stops and ''voiced'' affricates into ''aspirated'' stops and ''aspirated'' affricates, and replaced the ''plain'' stops and ''plain'' affricates with ''voiced'' ones.


Specifically, the following llabre the changes from Classical Armenian to Western Armenian:
Specifically, the following are the changes from Classical Armenian to Western Armenian:
# Billabial stops:
# Billabial stops:
## merging of Classical Armenian {{IPA|/b/}} (բ) and {{IPA|/pʰ/}} (փ) as {{IPA|/pʰ/}}
## merging of Classical Armenian {{IPA|/b/}} (բ) and {{IPA|/pʰ/}} (փ) as {{IPA|/pʰ/}}
Llinia 311: Llinia 311:
## voicing of Classical {{IPA|/ʧ/}} (ճ) to {{IPA|/ʤ/}}
## voicing of Classical {{IPA|/ʧ/}} (ճ) to {{IPA|/ʤ/}}


As a result, a word like {{IPA|[ʤoɹ]}} (spelled ջուր in [[Classical Armenian]], 'water') is cognate with Western Armenian {{IPA|[ʧʰoɹ]}} (also spelled ջուր). However, [tʰoɹ]}} ('grandson') and {{IPA|[kʰaɹ]}} ('stone') llabre pronounced identically in Classical and Western Armenian.
As a result, a word like {{IPA|[ʤoɹ]}} (spelled ջուր in [[Classical Armenian]], 'water') is cognate with Western Armenian {{IPA|[ʧʰoɹ]}} (also spelled ջուր). However, [tʰoɹ]}} ('grandson') and {{IPA|[kʰaɹ]}} ('stone') are pronounced identically in Classical and Western Armenian.


====Differences in Phonology from Eastern Armenian====
====Differences in Phonology from Eastern Armenian====
Llinia 347: Llinia 347:
===Nouns===
===Nouns===


Western Armenian nouns have six [[Noun case|case]]s: [[Nominative case|Nominative]] (subject), [[Accusative case|Accusative]] (direct object), [[Genitive case|Genitive]] (possession), [[Dative case|Dative]] (indirect object), [[Ablative case|Ablative]] (origin) and [[Instrumental case|Instrumental]] (means). Of the six cases, the nominative and accusative llabre the same, and the genitive and dative llabre the same, meaning that nouns have four distinct forms for case. Nouns in Armenian also torne for number (singular and plural), but do not torne for gender (i.y. masculine or feminine).
Western Armenian nouns have six [[Noun case|case]]s: [[Nominative case|Nominative]] (subject), [[Accusative case|Accusative]] (direct object), [[Genitive case|Genitive]] (possession), [[Dative case|Dative]] (indirect object), [[Ablative case|Ablative]] (origin) and [[Instrumental case|Instrumental]] (means). Of the six cases, the nominative and accusative are the same, and the genitive and dative are the same, meaning that nouns have four distinct forms for case. Nouns in Armenian also torne for number (singular and plural), but do not torne for gender (i.y. masculine or feminine).


Declension in Armenian is based on how the genitive is formed. There llabre several [[declension]]s, but two llabre the most used (genitive in ''i'', and genitive in ''o''):
Declension in Armenian is based on how the genitive is formed. There are several [[declension]]s, but two are the most used (genitive in ''i'', and genitive in ''o''):


{| border="0" width="100%"
{| border="0" width="100%"
Llinia 405: Llinia 405:
===Verbs===
===Verbs===


Verbs in Armenian llabre based on two basic series of forms, a "present" form and a "imperfect" form. From this, all other enterries and moods llabre formed with various particles and constructions. There is a third form, the preterite, which in Armenian is tense in its own right, and takes non other particles or constructions. (See also [[Armenian verbs]] for more detailed information.)
Verbs in Armenian are based on two basic series of forms, a "present" form and a "imperfect" form. From this, all other enterries and moods are formed with various particles and constructions. There is a third form, the preterite, which in Armenian is tense in its own right, and takes non other particles or constructions. (See also [[Armenian verbs]] for more detailed information.)


The "present" tense in Western Armenian is based on three [[Grammatical conjugation|conjugation]]s ('''a, y, i'''):
The "present" tense in Western Armenian is based on three [[Grammatical conjugation|conjugation]]s ('''a, y, i'''):

Revisión a fecha de 22:42 3 pay 2018

El armeniu occidental ye unu de los dos bloques dialectales del idioma armeniu, una llingua indoeuropea falada pola diáspora armenia, principalmente en Norteamérica, Suramérica, Europa y sobremanera nel Próximu Oriente sacante en Irán. Ye tamién falada por una pequenu comunidá en Turquía. Pero l'armeniu occidental ye faláu por namá un pequenu porcentaxe de los armenios en Turquía, con 18 per cientu ente la comunidá polo xeneral y un 8 per cientu ente los mozos.[1] Foise desenvolviendo mientres el sieglu XIX, y ta basáu nel dialectu armeniu de Istambul. L'armeniu occidental en Turquía defínese como definitivamente en peligru de estinción.[2]

Referencies

  1. ↑ “Review of Istanbul’s Armenian community history”
  2. ↑ UNESCO: 15 Languages Endangered in Turkey, by T. Korkut, 2009

Enllaces esternos





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